IBP-Litp
1994/60:
Rapport de Recherche Litp /
Litp research reports
40 pages - Octobre/October 1994 -
Document en anglais.
PostScript : Ko /Kb
Titre / Title: Polynomial closure and unambiguous product
Abstract : This article is a contribution to the algebraic theory of automata, but it also contains an application to Büchi's sequential calculus. The polynomial closure of a class of languages C is the set of languages that are finite unions of languages of the form L0a1L1 ... anLn, where the ai's are letters and the Li's are elements of C . Our main result is an algebraic characterization, via the syntactic monoid, of the polynomial closure of a variety of languages. We show that the algebraic operation corresponding to the polynomial closure is a certain Malcev product of varieties. This result has several consequences. We first study the concatenation hierarchies similar to the dot-depth hierarchy, obtained by counting the number of alternations between boolean operations and concatenation.. For instance, we show that the level 3/2 of the Straubing hierarchy is decidable and we give a simplified proof of the partial result of Cowan on level 2. We propose a general conjecture for these hierarchies. We also show that if a language and its complement are in the polynomial closure of a variety of languages, then this language can be written as a disjoint union of marked unambiguous products of languages of the variety. This allows to extend the results of Thomas on quantifier hierarchies of first order logic.
Publications internes Litp 1994 / Litp research reports 1994