IBP-Litp
1994/39:
Rapport de Recherche Litp /
Litp research reports
109 pages - Décembre/December 1994 -
Document en anglais.
PostScript : Ko /Kb
Titre / Title: Noncommutative symmetric functions
Abstract : This paper presents the foundations and some applications of a noncommutative theory of symmetric functions, based on the notion of quasi-déterminant. We begin with a formal theory, corresponding to the case of symmetric functions in an infinite number of independent variables. This allows us to endow the resulting algebra with a Hopf structure, which leads to a new method for computing idempotents in Solomon's descent algebras. It also gives unified reinterpretation of a number of classical constructions. Next, we study the noncommutative analogs of symmetric polynomials. One arrives at different constructions, according to the particular kind of application under consideration. For example, when a polynomial with noncommutative coefficients in one central variable is decomposed as a product of linear factors, the roots of these factors differ from those of the expanded polynomial. Thus, according to whether one is interested in the construction of a polynomial with given roots or in the expansion of a product of linear factors, one has to consider two distinct specializations of the formal symmetric functions. A third type appears when one looks for a noncommutative genertalization of applications related to the notion of characteristic polynomial of a matrix, such as McMahon's Master Theorem. This construction can be applied, for instance, to the noncommutative matrices formed by the genarators of the universal enveloping alghebra U(gln) or of the quantum group GLq(n). Finally, we apply symmetric functions to the study of rational power series with coefficients in a skew field. We discuss in particular noncommutative continued fractions, orthogonal polynomials and Padé approximants, and we obtain a new notion of noncommutative determinant, the pseudo-determinant, from which we can recover the classical Capelli determinant and the quantum determinant. Also, a Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the generic matrix is obtained by means of these pseudo-determinants.
Publications internes Litp 1994 / Litp research reports 1994